Weather, clothing, and recommended activities in November on Kume Island!
Table of Contents
- 1 What is November like on Kumejima?
- 2 Can I swim in the sea in November on Kumejima Island? Temperature, precipitation, and water temperature in November in Kumejima
- 3 You can't go wrong with this! What to wear and bring in November on Kume Island
- 4 You can still have fun in November! Recommended Activities in Kume Island
- 5 Recommended in November when the weather is cooler! Yaziyagama Cave Exploration Experience
- 6 Recommended Sightseeing Spots in November on Kume Island
- 7 Rental cars are recommended for sightseeing! Book your rental car in Kumejima as early as possible!
- 8 Safe for the whole family! Business trips OK★Babysitting plans are also popular!
- 9 summary
What is November like on Kumejima?

In November on Kumejima, tourists have settled down,Unlike summer, typhoon season has passed.Therefore, you will enjoy a comfortable environment, including humidity and other conditions.
Low risk of sudden and unexpected bad weather,November is truly the best hidden season!It is.
◆November, you are considering a trip to Kumejima Island.
◆Those who want to know what to wear and what to bring in November.
◆For those who want to know the recommended activities in Kumejima in November.
◆If you want to know the best spots in Kumejima in November.
In this issue, we will introduce the various attractions of Kumejima for those who are considering a trip to Okinawa Prefecture in November, when the mainland is heading into winter!
Can I swim in the ocean in November on Kumejima?
Temperature, precipitation, and water temperature in November on Kumejima

DaytimeAverage temperature is around 22 degrees Celsiusand a little chilly when entering the sea.Wetsuits required.It is.
The weather is also more pleasant for sightseeing, as precipitation is much lower and sunny days are more frequent.
The number of typhoons peaks through September, so the number of approaching typhoons will be much smaller!
Maximum temperature: 24°C
Lowest temperature: 19°C
Average water temperature: 25-27°C
Average precipitation: 144 mm
You can't go wrong with this!
What to wear and bring in November on Kume Island

Kumejima in November,If you go to Kume Island in November wearing only summer clothes such as short sleeves, you may feel chilly depending on the time of day and the weather.
However, because of the long hours of the daytime, short sleeves are sufficient,Adjust temperature with a jacketIt is recommended to do so.
T-shirts, tank tops, shorts, light jackets, etc.
◆Things to bring
Sunscreen, sunglasses, hat, rash guard, folding umbrella, raincoat
andKumejima Island has more sunshine than the mainland.If you are unprotected, you will get sunburned.
Don't forget to take measures to protect yourself from the sun!
November can still be enjoyed!
Recommended Activities in Kumejima

The swimming season in Okinawa is generally said to last until October, and many people may be concerned that they will not be able to enjoy marine activities.
However, a wetsuit will keep you warmer,In November temperatures, you won't feel cold at all.The following is a list of the most common problems with the "C" in the "C" column.
We have picked out some recommended activities for you to check out before your trip!
snorkeling

Snorkeling involves wearing underwater glasses to see underwater, a snorkel to breathe, and fins that act as fins and assist in swimming.
No license is required to participate.
Enjoyable for men and women of all ages</b>In this respect, snorkeling is the king of marine activities on Kume Island.
◆Various kinds of fish, corals and sea turtles can be seen.
◆Safe and enjoyable even for beginners
▼Click here for recommended snorkeling tours.
 Kumejima】Hate-no-hama beach landing & tropical snorkeling tour with pick-up service (No.802)開始時間Summer season from May to October
Kumejima】Hate-no-hama beach landing & tropical snorkeling tour with pick-up service (No.802)開始時間Summer season from May to October9:00-12:00 / 14:00-17:00
Winter season: November to April
9:00-11:00 / 14:00-16:00所要時間Summer season from May to October
Approx. 3 hours
Winter season: November to April
Approx. 2 hours7,000 yen
▼For more information about snorkeling, click here▼.
 Kume Island Snorkeling Tour          Enjoy snorkeling at Hate-no-hama, the most beautiful island in the East that you should visit at least once! Kume Island has been featured in numerous media as the most beautiful ocean. Enjoy snorkeling at the heavenly "Hate-no-hama" and the beautiful white beach "Ihu Beach".          (5 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る
                          Kume Island Snorkeling Tour          Enjoy snorkeling at Hate-no-hama, the most beautiful island in the East that you should visit at least once! Kume Island has been featured in numerous media as the most beautiful ocean. Enjoy snorkeling at the heavenly "Hate-no-hama" and the beautiful white beach "Ihu Beach".          (5 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る            
Kayak (Canoe)

Kayaks and canoes areActivities to enjoy a casual walk on the seaIt is.
The vessels used for the activity have a highly stable structure.The risk of overturning is not so great!
Enjoy the best views while swaying in the waves.
◆Access to hidden natural spots
◆Families with young children can all enjoy
▼Click here for recommended kayak tours.
 Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan (No.819)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 75 min.7,000 yen
Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan (No.819)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 75 min.7,000 yen Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear kayak rental plan 《with drone photography》 (No.820)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.11,500 yen
Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear kayak rental plan 《with drone photography》 (No.820)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.11,500 yen Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan《Comes with Drone Photography & Video Shooting》(No.822)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.15,500 yen
Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan《Comes with Drone Photography & Video Shooting》(No.822)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.15,500 yen Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan《Comes with Drone Video Shooting》(No.821)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.13,500 yen
Not accepting applications: [Kumejima, Okinawa] Enjoy the emerald blue waters within Kumejima! Clear Kayak Rental Plan《Comes with Drone Video Shooting》(No.821)開始時間9:00 / 10:00 / 11:00 / 12:00 / 13:00 / 14:00 / 15:00 / 16:00 / 17:00 / 18:00所要時間Approx. 45 min.13,500 yen▼ Learn more about kayaking
 Kumejima Kayak (Canoe) Tour          Anyone can experience it easily! Kumejima Canoe (Kayak) Tour Kumejima Island is so beautiful that it is called "God's Chosen Island. Let's see corals and fishes from the clear sea and enjoy the sea of Kumejima leisurely. This time, we will introduce canoeing (kayaking) to experience in Kume Island [...].          (4 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る
                          Kumejima Kayak (Canoe) Tour          Anyone can experience it easily! Kumejima Canoe (Kayak) Tour Kumejima Island is so beautiful that it is called "God's Chosen Island. Let's see corals and fishes from the clear sea and enjoy the sea of Kumejima leisurely. This time, we will introduce canoeing (kayaking) to experience in Kume Island [...].          (4 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る            
fun diving

The attraction of fun diving is the opportunity to have an extraordinary experience in the spectacular ocean!
When you get a diving license and can explore underwater at your own pace, you will discover the charms of Kume Island more deeply♪.
◆The experience of floating and weightlessness is unique
◆Enjoy a sense of oneness with nature
▼Click here for recommended fun diving tours.
 Okinawa, Kumejima】Fun diving in the most beautiful and miraculous ocean in Ryukyu (2 dives, license required) 《with lunch and transportation》(No.804)開始時間8:30-15:00 (varies)所要時間Approx. 7 hours15,950 yen
Okinawa, Kumejima】Fun diving in the most beautiful and miraculous ocean in Ryukyu (2 dives, license required) 《with lunch and transportation》(No.804)開始時間8:30-15:00 (varies)所要時間Approx. 7 hours15,950 yen Okinawa, Kumejima】Fun diving in the most beautiful and miraculous ocean in Ryukyu (3 dives, license required) 《with happy lunch and pickup service》(No.805)開始時間8:30-17:00 (varies)所要時間Approx. 8.5 hours22,000 yen
Okinawa, Kumejima】Fun diving in the most beautiful and miraculous ocean in Ryukyu (3 dives, license required) 《with happy lunch and pickup service》(No.805)開始時間8:30-17:00 (varies)所要時間Approx. 8.5 hours22,000 yen▼ For more information about diving, please click here▼.
 Kumejima Diving and Scuba Diving Tours          Dynamic topography and big fish are breathtaking! Kumejima Island Diving Tour Kumejima Island can be reached by plane or ferry from the Okinawa Main Island (Naha Airport). The waters surrounding Kumejima are so beautiful that they have been designated as a "Prefectural Natural Park. In this [...]...          (3 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る
                          Kumejima Diving and Scuba Diving Tours          Dynamic topography and big fish are breathtaking! Kumejima Island Diving Tour Kumejima Island can be reached by plane or ferry from the Okinawa Main Island (Naha Airport). The waters surrounding Kumejima are so beautiful that they have been designated as a "Prefectural Natural Park. In this [...]...          (3 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る            
Landing tour of the spectacular beach "Hate-no-hama

Hate-no-hama" has been featured in numerous media as the most beautiful sea in Japan.
There areEmerald green sea and blue skyThe white sandy beaches of the island offer a panoramic view that is too beautiful for words.
Tour participation is required for landing.It is a great place to enjoy the beach. Snorkeling, swimming, strolling along the beach, picking up seashells, and other ways to enjoy yourself after landing at Hatohama are all possible!
Just looking at the beautiful scenery will soothe you. Enjoy the spectacular view to your heart's content.
◆Fit for an extraordinary experience!
◆Various activities can be enjoyed.
▼Click here for our recommended Hatate no Hama landing tour.
 Kumejima】Hate-no-hama Beach Landing Tour (with free snorkel set rental) (No.801)開始時間Summer season from May to October
Kumejima】Hate-no-hama Beach Landing Tour (with free snorkel set rental) (No.801)開始時間Summer season from May to October9:00-12:00 / 14:00-17:00
Winter season: November to April
9:00-11:00 / 14:00-16:00所要時間Summer season from May to October
Approx. 3 hours
Winter season: November to April
Approx. 2 hours4,500 yen
▼ For more information about the Hate no Hama Landing Tour, click here▼.
 Kumejima "Hate no Hama" Tour          You can enjoy the heavenly view! Kumejima "Hate-no-hama" Tour Hate-no-hama is about 30 minutes by boat from Kumejima. This is one of the most beautiful spots you should visit when you go to Kumejima, and you can be healed by the crystal clear ocean, which is called "the most beautiful in the East" [...].          (4 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る
                          Kumejima "Hate no Hama" Tour          You can enjoy the heavenly view! Kumejima "Hate-no-hama" Tour Hate-no-hama is about 30 minutes by boat from Kumejima. This is one of the most beautiful spots you should visit when you go to Kumejima, and you can be healed by the crystal clear ocean, which is called "the most beautiful in the East" [...].          (4 in total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る            ▼ For more information about Hate no Hama, click here▼.
 beach on the far side of the ocean          Hate-no-hama is an uninhabited island made of sandbars, located on the east side of Kume Island. It has been described as "the most beautiful beach in the East" and is surrounded by a 360-degree view of the heavenly ocean. The contrast between the pure white sandy beach and the beautiful emerald green sea [...].
                    beach on the far side of the ocean          Hate-no-hama is an uninhabited island made of sandbars, located on the east side of Kume Island. It has been described as "the most beautiful beach in the East" and is surrounded by a 360-degree view of the heavenly ocean. The contrast between the pure white sandy beach and the beautiful emerald green sea [...].          
Recommended in November when the weather is cooler!
Yaziyagama Cave Exploration Experience

Yaziyagama is 800 meters long,One of the largest limestone caves on Kume IslandIt is.
Kumejima Tourist AssociationThe Yaziyagama Cave expedition, conducted by the Yaziyagama Cave Exploration Center, is an exploration of Yaziyagama equipped with helmets and flashlights.
The temperature inside Yaziyagama is 2°C to 3°C lower than outside, making it comfortable to explore even in hot September on Kume Island.
The experience lasts approximately 120 minutes and is held year-round, but advance reservations are required as reservations cannot be made on the day of the event.
Recommended Sightseeing Spots in November on Kume Island

There are many sightseeing spots on Kume Island in November that we would like to recommend.
Here we would like to introduce some of the most carefully selected spots.
EEF Beach

One of the 100 best beaches in JapanEef Beach, a 2-kilometer stretch of pure white sand, is one of the most famous beaches on Kume Island.
Eef Beach is very popular as a swimming beach because of its gentle waves.
During the daytime, you can enjoy the contrast of the blue of the sea and sky and the whiteness of the beach, and in the evening, you can enjoy the sunset on the horizon and the reddish sky.
Access: 20 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
Arra Beach

Located in the southern part of Kume Island, Arara Beach is a quiet, secluded beach.
Arra Beach has no toilets or other facilities, and if one were to visit, one would have to go further into the village from Gima to reach it, so there are not many visitors.
Even in November, when the high season has just ended, you can enjoy a relaxing time.
Access: 25 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
Kumejima Firefly Museum

The Kumejima Firefly Museum, opened to protect the hotel, is a facility where you can learn about fireflies, the surrounding natural environment, and the ecology of the creatures associated with fireflies.The following is a list of the most common problems with the "C" in the "C" column.
You can educate your children about the environment and learn about the nature of Kume Island.
Access: 25 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
Kumejima Sea Turtle Museum

Kumejima Sea Turtle Pavilion is known as a facility where visitors can meet endangered sea turtles.
It is an ideal place to educate children about nature or to change your mind when you are tired of playing on Kume Island.
Admission is 300 yen for adults and 200 yen for elementary and junior high school students, making it easy to visit.
Access: 22 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 Kumejima Sea Turtle Museum          Kumejima Sea Turtle Pavilion "Kumejima Sea Turtle Pavilion" is a facility where you can observe sea turtles that are being protected on Kumejima Island. The museum has exhibits on the ecology of sea turtles and conservation activities, and panels on the current status of endangered sea turtles [...].
                    Kumejima Sea Turtle Museum          Kumejima Sea Turtle Pavilion "Kumejima Sea Turtle Pavilion" is a facility where you can observe sea turtles that are being protected on Kumejima Island. The museum has exhibits on the ecology of sea turtles and conservation activities, and panels on the current status of endangered sea turtles [...].          
Mifgar.

Mihuger is located in the northern part of Kume Island,If you worship it, you will be blessed with a child.It is a power spot that is reported to be
Although Mihu Gah is an oddly shaped rock formed by wind and tide erosion, its shape exudes a hint of mystery.
Because it is a very popular destination, it is best to visit in November, when the high season is over.
Access: 15 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
tatami stone

Tatamiseki is located on the south coast of Okutake Island in the eastern part of Kume Island,Oddly shaped rocks designated as a natural monument by Okinawa PrefectureIt is.
The tatami rocks, which appear only at low tide, are also known as "turtle shell rocks.
Since it can only be seen on Kume Island, it is a place to visit at least once.
Access: 20 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 tatami stone          What is Tatamiishi? Tatamiishi is an oddly shaped rock on Kume Island, Okinawa Prefecture. Formed by thousands of years of wind and wave erosion, its flat surface and rugged texture are quite mysterious. Tatamiseki can be seen all year round, but only appears when the tide is out [...].
                    tatami stone          What is Tatamiishi? Tatamiishi is an oddly shaped rock on Kume Island, Okinawa Prefecture. Formed by thousands of years of wind and wave erosion, its flat surface and rugged texture are quite mysterious. Tatamiseki can be seen all year round, but only appears when the tide is out [...].          
thinly sliced beach (e.g. dried on a dish after washing)

Shinri beach is located in the western part of Kume Island,Beach known for its spectacular sunset viewIt is.
Depending on the timing, you can enjoy snorkeling at high tide and playing on the shore at low tide.
Since this is a popular and spectacular spot, we recommend that you go in November, when there are fewer tourists, rather than during the high season.
Access: 5 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 thinly sliced beach (e.g. dried on a dish after washing)          Shinri Beach is located on the west side of Kume Island, just a short distance from Kumejima Airport. The beach is home to many cute creatures such as crabs and hermit crabs, and under the right conditions, you can walk to the atoll at low tide [...].
                    thinly sliced beach (e.g. dried on a dish after washing)          Shinri Beach is located on the west side of Kume Island, just a short distance from Kumejima Airport. The beach is home to many cute creatures such as crabs and hermit crabs, and under the right conditions, you can walk to the atoll at low tide [...].          
Kumejima Horse Farm

The Kumejima Horse Farm, where you can interact with native horses that once shared their lives with the islanders, is a place where you can heal while learning about the history of Kumejima.
You can take a walk around the island on their backs, interact with the horses, and more.
It may be interesting to think about the lives of the islanders in the past while interacting with the horses.
Access: 8 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
Ruins of Uejo Castle

The ruins of Uejo Castle, from which you can view almost all of Kume Island, are the remains of an old castle believed to have been built in the 15th century during the Gusuku period before the unification of the Ryukyu Islands.
Tours are free, so it will be easy to visit when you come for sightseeing.
This is the perfect place for those who are looking for a spectacular view point of Kume Island and want to explore the old castle.
Access: 20 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 Ruins of Uejo Castle          About Uejo Castle Ruins The "Uejo Castle Ruins" on Kumejima are the ruins of a castle built during the Ryukyu Kingdom period, and is one of the most important tourist spots where you can learn about the history of Kumejima. It is the highest castle built among the "gusuku" scattered throughout Okinawa Prefecture, and it is the most important castle in Kumejima [...].
                    Ruins of Uejo Castle          About Uejo Castle Ruins The "Uejo Castle Ruins" on Kumejima are the ruins of a castle built during the Ryukyu Kingdom period, and is one of the most important tourist spots where you can learn about the history of Kumejima. It is the highest castle built among the "gusuku" scattered throughout Okinawa Prefecture, and it is the most important castle in Kumejima [...].          
Gushigawa Castle Ruins

Located on the northwest coast of Kume Island, the ruins of Gushigawa Castle are believed to be the residence of a powerful family that conquered the island in the early 5th century.
It is also known as a place of high historical value because of its distinctive stacking of city walls.
The view of the ocean from the top is spectacular.
Access: 12 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 Gushigawa Castle Ruins          The Gushikawa Castle Ruins on Kume Island are the remains of an important castle in the history of the Ryukyu Islands, built in the early 15th century by a powerful clan called "Aji" who were in control of the island. Located on a limestone hill facing the northwest coast of Kume Island, it is now a stone [...].
                    Gushigawa Castle Ruins          The Gushikawa Castle Ruins on Kume Island are the remains of an important castle in the history of the Ryukyu Islands, built in the early 15th century by a powerful clan called "Aji" who were in control of the island. Located on a limestone hill facing the northwest coast of Kume Island, it is now a stone [...].          
Uimarukan, the home of Kumejima Tsumugi

Kumejima Tsumugi is a traditional craft that originated in the 15th century and was designated as a National Important Cultural Property in 2004.
The history and working process of Kumejima Tsumugi are exhibited at the Uimarukan, the home of Kumejima Tsumugi.
Also,Experience the weaving and dyeing of Kumejima tsumugi silk.This will be a valuable experience for your children.
Access: 20 minutes by car from Kumejima Airport
 Uimarukan, the home of Kumejima Tsumugi          Kumejima Tsumugi Yuimarukan is a facility where visitors can learn the history and working process of Kumejima Tsumugi, a traditional handicraft of Kumejima Island. In the facility, Kumejima Tsumugi is exhibited and sold, and hands-on workshops are held where you can actually try weaving and dyeing Kumejima Tsumugi.  [...].
                    Uimarukan, the home of Kumejima Tsumugi          Kumejima Tsumugi Yuimarukan is a facility where visitors can learn the history and working process of Kumejima Tsumugi, a traditional handicraft of Kumejima Island. In the facility, Kumejima Tsumugi is exhibited and sold, and hands-on workshops are held where you can actually try weaving and dyeing Kumejima Tsumugi.  [...].          
A rental car is recommended for sightseeing!
Book your rental car on Kumejima Island early!

A rental car is recommended for getting around on Kume Island!
It is recommended because we can move around during the trip and also at our own timing, such as early morning (sunrise), sunset, or a short trip outside to see the stars!
▼Click here to see our recommended car rental plans.
The whole family can rest assured!
Business trips OK★Babysitting plans are also popular

On-site sitter service available throughout Okinawa Prefecture.
Childcare or nursing staff will be available to assist you at hotels, beaches, weddings, or other support locations of your choice.
◆Golf Dinner Room
◆ Accompanying wedding photos and ceremony
◆ Accompanying you to the pool, beach, outings, etc.
Please feel free to contact us for other occasions.
▼Here is our recommended babysitting plan ▼
▼ Learn more about our babysitting plans
 Kumejima Babysitter          Enjoy Kume Island with peace of mind with your child! Babysitting plan is a popular babysitting plan offered by Kumejima Tours, where a specialist in childcare assists your trip! This time, we will introduce the charm of the babysitting plan and our recommended plan [...].          (2 total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る
                          Kumejima Babysitter          Enjoy Kume Island with peace of mind with your child! Babysitting plan is a popular babysitting plan offered by Kumejima Tours, where a specialist in childcare assists your trip! This time, we will introduce the charm of the babysitting plan and our recommended plan [...].          (2 total)          アクティビティの詳細を見る            
summary

In this issue, we have introduced some of the best activities and sightseeing spots on Kumejima in November.
Many people may think of summer as the best time to visit Okinawa, but November is the hidden best season, as the temperatures are calmer and it is easier to take action in the autumn and approaching winter.
Kume Island is an attractive island that can be enjoyed in a wide range of ways according to your preference, so please consider Kume Island as your travel destination in November!
▼Click here for articles to read in conjunction with this article.
 What islanders tell us about the starry sky of Kumejima? Introducing recommended spots where you can see beautiful starry skies!Contents1 Let's enjoy star gazing in Kumejima2 Attractions of the starry sky of Kumejima taught by islanders2.1 Beauty that cannot be seen in the city2.2 Enjoyable for children and adults2.3 Photo tours are also popular3 Recommended starry sky spots in Kumejima taught by islanders3.1 Ruins of Ue Castle [...].
What islanders tell us about the starry sky of Kumejima? Introducing recommended spots where you can see beautiful starry skies!Contents1 Let's enjoy star gazing in Kumejima2 Attractions of the starry sky of Kumejima taught by islanders2.1 Beauty that cannot be seen in the city2.2 Enjoyable for children and adults2.3 Photo tours are also popular3 Recommended starry sky spots in Kumejima taught by islanders3.1 Ruins of Ue Castle [...].

 
                      






 
 
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
               
               
               
               
              



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 







